A. Paul Grice → Cooperative Principle (IV)
- Paul Grice developed the Cooperative Principle in pragmatics, which explains how speakers and listeners follow conversational maxims (quantity, quality, relevance, and manner) to communicate effectively.
B. Edward Sapir → Linguistic Relativity (III)
- Edward Sapir, along with Benjamin Lee Whorf, is associated with the Sapir–Whorf Hypothesis, which proposes linguistic relativity, the idea that language influences thought and perception.
C. Ferdinand de Saussure → Linguistic Signs (II)
- Saussure is the founder of structural linguistics. His most central idea is the linguistic sign, consisting of:
- Signifier (sound/image form)
- Signified (concept)
D. Nancy Dorian → Language Death (I)
- Nancy Dorian is known for her sociolinguistic research on endangered languages, especially her study of East Sutherland Gaelic, making her work central to the concept of language death and shift.
Year-wise PYQs
