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Who defined "Hamartia' as ‘tragic flaw'?
1. Aristotle
2. Dr. Samuel Johnson
3. Matthew Arnold
4. A. C. Bradley
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The term "hamartia" originates from Aristotle's works, particularly in his "Poetics," where he discusses the concept of a tragic flaw or error that leads to the tragic downfall of the protagonist. Aristotle did not explicitly define "hamartia" as "tragic flaw" in the exact modern sense we use today, but he introduced the concept and the idea behind it.
Aristotle's other elements of Tragedy:-
Hamartia (Error of Judgment)
Hubris (Excessive Pride and Overconfidence)
Anagnorisis (Recognition or Discovery)
Catharsis (Tragedy's Impact on the Audience)
Peripeteia (A Sudden Reversal of Change in Circumstances)
Mimesis (Imitation or Representation of Real Life Actions)
Pathos (The Emotional Appeal in the Tragedy)
Unity of Action (Conflict without Unnecessary Subplots)