UGC-NET-English

The correct answer is (3) (A) and (D) only, and here’s the reasoning:

Cultural Studies is a multidisciplinary field that examines the ways in which culture is produced, consumed, and interpreted. Within this field, two essays have been particularly influential:

Laura Mulvey’s "Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema":

This essay is a cornerstone of feminist film theory and Cultural Studies. It introduced the concept of the "male gaze" and how cinematic techniques position viewers to adopt a masculine, objectifying perspective. This work critically explores the intersection of culture, ideology, and representation, making it highly productive in Cultural Studies.
Stuart Hall’s "Encoding/Decoding":

Hall’s essay is foundational in the field of media studies and Cultural Studies. It theorizes how messages are encoded by producers and decoded by audiences, often in ways that challenge or subvert the intended meanings. This model has been extensively applied in studies of media, communication, and culture.
The other essays, while important in their respective fields, are less central to Cultural Studies as a discipline:

Viktor Shklovsky’s "Art as Technique":

This is a seminal work in Russian Formalism, focusing on the concept of "defamiliarization." While influential in literary theory, it is not directly associated with the central practices of Cultural Studies.
Sigmund Freud’s "The Uncanny":

Freud’s essay explores psychoanalytic concepts and the feeling of the "uncanny," which has been influential in literature and psychoanalytic criticism. It is relevant to Cultural Studies but not as foundational as Mulvey and Hall’s works.
Thus, the correct pairing of essays with particular productivity in Cultural Studies is (A) and (D).