Statement A:
‘Diegesis’ is a term used by Plato to mean “statement’, and by Aristotle to mean 'narration’.
🔴 Incorrect
Plato used the term "diegesis" in contrast to "mimesis". For him, diegesis referred to pure narration, where the poet or speaker tells the story in their own voice, while mimesis involves imitation or enactment of characters.
Aristotle didn't focus heavily on diegesis vs mimesis in the same way. In his Poetics, Aristotle emphasizes mimesis (imitation) as a fundamental principle of art, especially in drama and tragedy.
🔍 So the attribution of meanings in the statement is misleading, particularly in the way it assigns "statement" to Plato and "narration" to Aristotle.
Statement B:
Foucault's term Biopolitics refers to the attempts of the government to rationalise the problems.
🟢 Correct (though simplified)
Michel Foucault's concept of biopolitics deals with the governance of populations through techniques that manage life, health, and biological processes.
It's about how states exert power over life — regulating bodies, health, reproduction, etc.
While the statement simplifies this to “rationalise the problems,” it captures the core idea of how governments manage populations under rationalized systems of control.
✅ Acceptable as correct, though not detailed.
Statement C:
‘Hypertext’ is a term that refers to ‘second-degree’ literature made up of works which allude to or derive from hypotext.
🟢 Correct
This comes from Gérard Genette’s theory of transtextuality:
Hypertext: a later text that derives from or transforms an earlier text.
Hypotext: the original text.
For example, Ulysses by James Joyce is a hypertext of Homer’s Odyssey.
✅ This is a correct definition of "hypertext" in literary theory (not to be confused with the digital/Web definition).
Statement D:
‘Desiring Machines’ is a concept introduced by Antonio Gramsci.
🔴 Incorrect
Desiring machines is a concept from Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari in their book Anti-Oedipus.
It refers to the mechanical and productive nature of desire—desire is not lack, but a positive, productive force.
❌ Not Gramsci, who is known for concepts like hegemony, organic intellectuals, and civil society.
Statement E:
‘Dream Work’ is a psychoanalytical term to describe the mechanism that transforms raw material of a dream to its manifest content.
🟢 Correct
This is a concept from Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis.
Dream work refers to the process that transforms the latent content (the unconscious thoughts) into the manifest content (the actual dream as remembered).
Mechanisms include displacement, condensation, symbolization, etc.
✅ So this is accurately stated.
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