UGC-NET-English

1. An anaphoric word is a word that refers back to a word or phrase previously mentioned in a text or conversation. Example: "John lost his wallet. He can't find it anywhere."

2. A morpheme is the smallest grammatical unit in a language. It cannot be divided into smaller meaningful units. The word "unhappiness" consists of three morphemes: "un-", "happy", and "-ness".

3. An antecedent is a word or phrase that is referred back to by a pronoun or other preform. Example: "The children asked if they could play outside." The word "children" is the antecedent that "they" refers back to.

4. Periphrasis is the use of a longer phrase to express a meaning that could be conveyed with a shorter expression or single word. Example: Instead of saying "He is a doctor," you could use periphrasis and say, "He is a person who practices medicine."